This seminar asks participants to explore the purpose of citizenship and the various ways citizenship status is acquired especially in a post-September 11th world. Participants will examine the evolution of citizenship status in the United States including race-based limitations on who could become American citizens that existed into the mid-twentieth century. Now that the United States has a “universal” model of citizenship, seminar participants will be asked to determine the attributes of contemporary U.S. citizenship; whether some citizens are more equal than others; and whether U.S. citizenship is being redefined in a post September 11th world. Seminar participants must write two short comment papers on assigned readings and one long research paper. An expanded version of the long paper can be used to satisfy the Advanced Writing Requirement.